PDF Challenges in Arabic Natural Language Processing Prof Khaled Shaalan and Azza Mohamed

The aim of this paper is to describe our work on the project “Greek into Arabic”, in which we faced some problems of ambiguity inherent to the Arabic language. Difficulties arose in the various stages of automatic processing of the Arabic version of Plotinus, the text which lies at the core of our project. Part I highlights the needs that led us to update the morphological engine AraMorph in order to optimize its morpho-syntactic analysis. Even if the engine has been optimized, a digital lexical source for better use of the system is still lacking. Part II presents a methodology exploiting the internal structure of the Arabic lexicographic encyclopaedia Lisān al-ʿarab, which allows automatic extraction of the roots and derived lemmas.

In addition to personnel expenses, running and training machine learning models takes time and requires vast computational infrastructure. Many modern-day deep learning models contain millions, or even billions, of parameters that must be tweaked. These models can take months to train and require very fast machines with expensive GPU or TPU hardware. The challenge in NLP in other languages is that English is the language of the Internet, with nearly 300 million more English-speaking users than the next most prevalent language, Mandarin Chinese. Modern NLP requires lots of text — 16GB to 160GB depending on the algorithm in question (8–80 million pages of printed text) — written by many different writers, and in many different domains.

Deep learning

NLP is typically used for document summarization, text classification, topic detection and tracking, machine translation, speech recognition, and much more. Biomedical researchers need to be able to use open scientific data to create new research hypotheses and lead to more treatments for more people more quickly. Reading all of the literature that could be relevant to their research topic can be daunting or even impossible, and this can lead to gaps in knowledge and duplication of effort. However, open medical data on its own is not enough to deliver its full potential for public health. This challenge is part of a broader conceptual initiative at NCATS to change the “currency” of biomedical research.

Even before you sign a contract, ask the workforce you’re considering to set forth a solid, agile process for your work. Managed workforces are more agile than BPOs, more accurate and consistent than crowds, and more scalable than internal teams. They provide dedicated, trained teams that learn and scale with you, becoming, in essence, extensions of your internal teams. Next, we’ll shine a light on the techniques and use cases companies are using to apply NLP in the real world today.

Methods

Finally, there is NLG to help machines respond by generating their own version of human language for two-way communication. Simply put, NLP breaks down the language complexities, presents the same to machines as data sets to take reference from, and also extracts the intent and context to develop them further. So, for building NLP systems, it’s important to include all of a word’s possible meanings and all possible synonyms.

• Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and analyzing human language computationally.
• An iterative process is used to characterize a given algorithm’s underlying algorithm that is optimized by a numerical measure that characterizes numerical parameters and learning phase.
• Informal phrases, expressions, idioms, and culture-specific lingo present a number of problems for NLP – especially for models intended for broad use.
• Several young companies are aiming to solve the problem of putting the unstructured data into a format that could be reusable for analysis.
• Although AI-assisted auto-labeling and pre-labeling can increase speed and efficiency, it’s best when paired with humans in the loop to handle edge cases, exceptions, and quality control.
• More advanced NLP methods include machine translation, topic modeling, and natural language generation.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) has increased significance in machine interpretation and different type of applications like discourse combination and acknowledgment, limitation multilingual data frameworks, and so forth. Arabic Named Entity Recognition, Information Retrieval, Machine Translation and Sentiment Analysis are a percentage of the Arabic apparatuses, which have indicated impressive information in knowledge and security organizations. NLP assumes a key part in the preparing stage in Sentiment Analysis, Information Extraction and Retrieval, Automatic Summarization, Question Answering, to name a few. Arabic is a Semitic language, which contrasts from Indo-European lingos phonetically, morphologically, syntactically and semantically. In addition, it inspires scientists in this field and others to take measures to handle Arabic dialect challenges. However, it is important to note that NLP can also pose accessibility challenges, particularly for people with disabilities.

DATAVERSITY Education

This automation can also reduce the time spent on record-keeping, allowing one to focus more on patient care. Plus, automating medical records can improve data accuracy, reduce the risk of errors, and improve compliance metadialog.com with regulatory requirements. However, as with any new technology, there are challenges to be faced in implementing NLP in healthcare, including data privacy and the need for skilled professionals to interpret the data.

Chat GPT by OpenAI and Bard (Google’s response to Chat GPT) are examples of NLP models that have the potential to transform higher education. These generative language models, i.e., Chat GPT and Google Bard, can generate human-like responses to open-ended prompts, such as questions, statements, or prompts related to academic material. Therefore, the use of NLP models in higher education expands beyond the aforementioned examples, with new applications being developed to aid students in their academic pursuits. The extracted information can be applied for a variety of purposes, for example to prepare a summary, to build databases, identify keywords, classifying text items according to some pre-defined categories etc. For example, CONSTRUE, it was developed for Reuters, that is used in classifying news stories (Hayes, 1992) [54].

NLP Challenges to Consider

NLP algorithms can also assist with coding diagnoses and procedures, ensuring compliance with coding standards and reducing the risk of errors. They can also help identify potential safety concerns and alert healthcare providers to potential problems. This form of confusion or ambiguity is quite common if you rely on non-credible NLP solutions. As far as categorization is concerned, ambiguities can be segregated as Syntactic (meaning-based), Lexical (word-based), and Semantic (context-based). This is where training and regularly updating custom models can be helpful, although it oftentimes requires quite a lot of data.

Their proposed approach exhibited better performance than recent approaches. In the late 1940s the term NLP wasn’t in existence, but the work regarding machine translation (MT) had started. In fact, MT/NLP research almost died in 1966 according to the ALPAC report, which concluded that MT is going nowhere. But later, some MT production systems were providing output to their customers (Hutchins, 1986) [60].

Up next: Natural language processing, data labeling for NLP, and NLP workforce options

If you give the system incorrect or biased data, it will either learn the wrong things or learn inefficiently. With its ability to understand human behavior and act accordingly, AI has already become an integral part of our daily lives. The use of AI has evolved, with the latest wave being natural language processing (NLP). ChatGPT, for instance, has revolutionized the AI field by significantly enhancing the capabilities of natural language understanding and generation.

The LSP-MLP helps enabling physicians to extract and summarize information of any signs or symptoms, drug dosage and response data with the aim of identifying possible side effects of any medicine while highlighting or flagging data items [114]. The National Library of Medicine is developing The Specialist System [78,79,80, 82, 84]. It is expected to function as an Information Extraction tool for Biomedical Knowledge Bases, particularly Medline abstracts.

What Is Semantic Scholar?

NLP can also be used to create more accessible websites and applications, by providing text-to-speech and speech recognition capabilities, as well as captioning and transcription services. Chatbots are computer programs that simulate human conversation using natural language processing. Chatbots are used in customer service, sales, and marketing to improve engagement and reduce response times. Hidden Markov Models are extensively used for speech recognition, where the output sequence is matched to the sequence of individual phonemes. HMM is not restricted to this application; it has several others such as bioinformatics problems, for example, multiple sequence alignment [128]. Sonnhammer mentioned that Pfam holds multiple alignments and hidden Markov model-based profiles (HMM-profiles) of entire protein domains.